Start Here:
MIL-HDBK-235: “Military Operational Electromagnetic Environmental Profiles”
MIL-HDBK-235 helps procuring agencies define electromagnetic environments for military and aerospace contracts.
BCI Testing: MIL-STD-461 CS114, RTCA DO160 Sec 20, and ISO 11452-4
Bulk Current Injection (BCI) testing is one of the best ways to ensure that operations will not be interrupted by low frequency noise via either radiated or crosstalk mechanisms of interference.
ESD: IEC 61000-4-2, MIL-STD-461 CS118, ISO 10605, et. al.
Several standards cover ESD testing in similar ways. This article gives an overview plus places to look for additional guidance and alternate discharge models.
MIL-STD-464: “Electromagnetic Environmental Effects Requirements for Systems”
MIL-STD-464 is the main aerospace/defense document that applies E3 requirements to full systems and platforms.
MIL-STD-461: “Requirements for the Control of Electromagnetic Interference Characteristics of Subsystems and Equipment”
MIL-STD-461 is one of the core EMC standards, having evolved with military applications since WWII. It is widely used in the aerospace and defense sectors.